Addition of ultralow dose naloxone to postoperative morphine PCA: unchanged analgesia and opioid requirement but decreased incidence of opioid side effects.

摘要: Ultralow doses of naloxone (0.001-0.1 microg/kg) produce analgesia in animal models. However, no clinical study has evaluated the combination ultralow dose and morphine using patient-controlled (PCA). This randomized, double blind controlled sought to determine if PCA solutions affects opioid requirements, analgesia, side effects. Two-hundred sixty-five patients (18-65 years old) undergoing operations were randomized receive 1 mg/ml (n=129) or plus 0.6 microg/ml (n=136). We numbers supplemental rescue doses, cumulative each solution, pain intensity, relief, effects during first 24 h after surgery. found that requirements did not differ significantly between groups. The morphine+naloxone group on average required 0.07 mg more (95% CI -1.1 1.3) than group. Pain intensity levels also similar both had 0.06 units lower -0.5 0.4) a incidence nausea pruritus (P=0.01 for symptoms). vomiting, time tolerate fluids, sedation, urinary retention groups (all P values >0.1). does affect but it decreases pruritus.