Calcification of the aortic arch: risk factors and association with coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

摘要: ContextCalcium deposits in coronary and extracoronary arterial beds may indicate the extent of atherosclerosis. However, the incremental predictive value of vascular calcification, beyond traditional risk factors, is not clearly established.ObjectiveTo evaluate factors for aortic arch calcification its long-term association with cardiovascular diseases a population-based sample.Design SettingCohort study conducted at health maintenance organization northern California.ParticipantsA total 60,393 women 55,916 men, aged 30 to 89 years baseline who attended multiphasic checkups between 1964 1973 whom incidence hospitalizations and/or mortality data were ascertained using discharge diagnosis codes death records through December 31, 1997 (median follow-up, 28 years).Main Outcome MeasureHospitalization or due heart disease, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, peripheral vascular as associated with found on chest radiograph checkup from 1964-1973.ResultsAortic was present 1.9% men 2.6% women. It independently associated older age, no college education, current smoking, hypertension both sexes, but it inversely related body mass index family history myocardial infarction. In women, arch calcification also black race elevated serum cholesterol level. After adjustment educational attainment, race/ethnicity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, cholesterol level, hypertension, diabetes, infarction, calcification was an increased disease (in relative risk [RR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.45; RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.38). Among with a 1.46-fold ischemic stroke (95% 1.28-1.67).ConclusionIn our cohort, independently related sexes well ischemic stroke women.