Chapter 6 – Bioactivation of High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenols by the Gut Microbiome

摘要: Tannins, both hydrolyzable and condensed, are frequently found in edible plants plant-derived foods, although a comprehensive knowledge of their dietary intake is not available due to various constraints. They might be responsible for some the advantages ascribed regimens rich plant foods. Notwithstanding evidence from epidemiological cohort studies, an unambiguous exhaustive pattern has yet emerged regarding mechanisms underlying food-related health properties, no conclusive answers have been given on actual bioavailability. It now increasingly evident that sole direct action substances planta sufficient fully explain benefits polyphenol-rich habits. To elucidate this conundrum, better comprehension interplay between gut microbial metabolism polyphenols needed. This chapter provides detailed overview current distribution human biotransformation most widespread classes high-molecular-weight polyphenols: procyanidins, ellagitannins gallotannins. According data collected, these reach colon almost intact, where they undergo wide range rearrangements biotransformations actively modulate composition colonic microflora. A deeper metabolites, catabolic patterns bacterial strains involved needed properly assess overall contribution health, single out bioactive identify adequate strategies enhance