Intraoperative detection of patent foramen ovale by transesophageal echocardiography.

摘要: This study reports the intraoperative use of contrast and Doppler echocardiography techniques to diagnose patent foramen ovale (PFO). Fifty patients without known atrial septal defects undergoing elective cardiovascular surgery were studied. A 5-MHz esophageal echocardiographic probe was used image fossa ovalis (FO) 10 ml agitated saline injected into right atrium during apnea. Echocardiographic then end-inspiration at 20-cmH2O airway pressure. When opacification complete, pressure released. During these maneuvers, color pulsed-wave interrogation septum also performed. Right-to-left passage across interatrial seen in 11 50 (22%). demonstrated a PFO 2 evidence shunting. Thus, combination identified 26% (13 50) prevalence PFO, approximating previously reported autopsy rate 25%. These may be useful detecting risk for paradoxical emboli identifying candidates closure PFO.