Synthesis of Alginate in Bacteria

摘要: Alginate is a linear polysaccharide composed of mannuronate (M) and guluronate (G) residues that produced by marine algae some bacteria. It serves as virulence factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, major constituent mature biofilms, believed to play significant role allowing the bacteria maintain persistent infections. The bacterial biosynthetic pathway outlined, available mechanistic data on enzymes are summarized. begins with fructose 6-phosphate, which converted through several steps into GDP-mannuronate. GDP-mannuronate substrate for synthesis polymeric product mannuronan; catalyzing this transformation localized inner membrane poorly characterized. Some mannuronan polymer undergo enzyme-catalyzed epimerization acetylation. These transformations occur periplasmic space number accessory proteins have been identified being critical these processes, but their functions not yet elucidated.