Zebra skin odor repels the savannah tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae).

摘要: Background African trypanosomosis, primarily transmitted by tsetse flies, remains a serious public health and economic challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Interventions employing natural repellents from non-preferred hosts of flies represent promising management approach. Although zebras have been identified as the basis for this repellency is poorly understood. We hypothesized that zebra skin odors contribute to their avoidance flies. Methodology/Principal findings We evaluated effect crude on catches wild savannah (Glossina pallidipes Austen, 1903) using unbaited Ngu traps compared baited with two known fly chemicals; repellent blend derived waterbuck odor, WRC (comprising geranylacetone, guaiacol, pentanoic acid δ-octalactone), an attractant comprising cow urine acetone, series Latin square-designed experiments. Coupled gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) GC-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses seven electrophysiologically-active components; 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, acetophenone, heptanal, octanal, nonanal decanal, which were tested blends singly when combined acetone field trials. The seven-component EAD-active components, formulated ratio occurrence significantly reduced G. pallidipesby 66.7% 48.9% respectively, favorably (58.1%– 59.2%). Repellency was attributed presence three ketones acetophenone caused 62.7% reduction trap catch pallidipes. Conclusions/Significance Our reveal fundamental insights into ecology allomonal potential integration three-component ketone toolkit African trypanosomosis control.