Photonic Crystal Architecture for Room Temperature Equilibrium Bose-Einstein Condensation of Exciton-Polaritons

摘要: We describe photonic crystal microcavities with very strong light-matter interaction to realize room-temperature, equilibrium, exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). This is achieved through a careful balance between light-trapping in band gap (PBG) and large exciton density enabled by multiple quantum-well (QW) structure moderate dielectric constant. enables the formation of long-lived, dense 10~$\mu$m - 1~cm scale cloud exciton-polaritons vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS) that roughly 7\% bare recombination energy. introduce woodpile made Cd$_{0.6}$Mg$_{0.4}$Te 3D PBG 9.2\% (gap central frequency ratio) strongly focuses planar guided optical field on CdTe QWs cavity. For 3~nm 5~nm barrier width exciton-photon coupling can be as $\hbar\Ome=$55~meV (i.e., $2\hbar\Ome=$110~meV). The energy 1.65~eV corresponds an wavelength 750~nm. $N=$106 embedded cavity collective per QW, $\hbar\Ome/\sqrt{N}=5.4$~meV, much larger than state-of-the-art value 3.3~meV, for Fabry-P\'erot microcavity. maximum BEC temperature limited depth dispersion minimum lower polariton branch, over which has small effective mass $\sim 10^{-5}m_0$ where $m_0$ electron vacuum. By detuning above mode, achieved, enabling room-temperature BEC.