Chapter 2 Triggering of photomovement - molecular basis

摘要: Abstract This introductory chapter describes, from a molecular perspective, the events that occur upon excitation of chromophores photoreceptors triggering photomovement (comprising phototaxis, photophobic responses and photokinesis in lower organisms as well phototropism photonasty higher plants). A general description is given process cis-trans isomerization photoinduced electron transfer, excursions are made into fundamental biophysical themes. Special attention to influence medium (the protein moiety photoreceptors) on both ground excited state properties chromophores, examples offered special cases. Furthermore, some photophysical several photoreceptor chromophore models compiled. The undergoing open-chain tetrapyrroles (present phytochromes), para-hydroxycinnamoyl anion (in photoactive yellow protein) retinal sensory rhodopsins halobacteria flagellate algae). Blue light such flavins perylenquinone-type (e.g. hypericin-derivatives: stentorin blepharismin) which most likely undergo transfer primary photochemical also discussed.