Dysregulation of Multiple Signaling Neurodevelopmental Pathways during Embryogenesis: A Possible Cause of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

摘要: Understanding the autistic brain and involvement of genetic, non-genetic, numerous signaling pathways in etiology pathophysiology autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, as evident from various studies. Apart multiple developmental disorders brain, subjects show a few characteristics like impairment social communications related to repetitive, restricted, or stereotypical behavior, which suggests alterations neuronal circuits caused by defects during embryogenesis. Most research studies on ASD genetic models revealed mutated genes with Wnt, hedgehog, Retinoic Acid (RA). Despite significant improvement understanding pathogenesis ASD, there an increasing awareness it well need for more in-depth because no effective therapy has been developed address symptoms. Therefore, identifying better therapeutic interventions “novel drugs ASD” biomarkers early detection disease condition determination are required. This review article investigated etiological factors mechanisms their understand pathophysiology. It summarizes mechanism pathways, significance, implications ASD.