Anti‐Predator Signals in the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs in Response to Habitat Structure and Different Predator Types

摘要: Many animals respond to the presence of predators with conspicuous signals such as alarm calling. These may aid detection predator by conspecifics or deter from attack. The advantages be dependent upon type and habitat type. We measured signalling behaviours (alarm calling tail flicking) in foraging chaffinches response different models (hawk pigeon control, cat plastic box control). In addition we responses a model when were structures (obstructed vs. open). There was no difference number individual obstructed open habitat, but birds flicked more suggesting that flicking acts visual signal therefore unlike auditory cues is influenced structure. Chaffinches also likely flick than other three models. Our results are consistent idea ground predators, which spend large amount time observing prey before attack, using behaviours, Further work on selection needed separate functions behaviour predators.