Chapter 16 Magnetic Manipulation for Force Measurements in Cell Biology

摘要: Life is a mechanical process. Cells, tissues, and bodies must act within their environments to grow, divide, move, communicate, defend themselves. The stiffness viscosity of cells biologic materials will vary depending upon wide variety variables including for example environmental conditions, activation signaling pathways, stage development, gene expression. By pushing pulling or such as mucus extracellular matrix, one can learn about properties. varying the pathways genetic background, also assess how response cell material modulated by that pathway. Magnetic particles are available commercially in many useful sizes, magnetic contents, surface chemistries. chemistries allow forces be applied specimen through specific linkages receptors particular proteins, allowing biologist ask fundamental questions role those transduction force motion. In this chapter, we discuss use system designed apply range patterns fully integrated into high numerical aperture inverted fluorescence microscope. Fine, thin flat poles magnification microscope objectives, flexible software control direction pattern supports experimental situations. coupled with simple video acquisition medium-bandwidth, two-dimensional particle tracking. Alternatively, laser tracking position feedback higher resolution, bandwidth, three-dimensional