The role of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase in transplantation

摘要: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), by enzymatic tryptophan degradation, has recently been proposed to have profound immunoregulatory activity. By most recent findings IDO induction follows reverse signaling of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) its ligands CD80/86 and acts as a counter-regulatory mechanism T-cell stimulation. With regard transplantation, experimental evidence suggests that the potential down-regulate allo-responses T cells in vitro promote tolerance murine models pancreatic islet transplantation allogeneic transfer vivo. However, physiologic role human organ still is be elucidated. Experiments clearly identify significance vascularized allografts or effecting costimulation blockade are required. In this review we provide conceptual view current knowledge context and, light particular biological features, speculate about application novel therapeutic approaches for induction.