Effect of p cresol on leaf decomposition and invertebrate colonization in experimental outdoor streams

摘要: In 1980, outdoor experimental stream channels at Monticello, Minnesota were continuously dosed for 24 and later 48 h with 8 mg/L p-cresol, a toxic phenolic by-product of coal gasification. The dosage, based on laboratory studies by the Environmental Protection Agency, was expected to stress but not kill fish invertebrates in channels. Two unexpected results occurred: (1) severe depressions dissolved oxygen (less than 1 mg/L), (2) mortality some invertebrate species versus reference Because direct effects aquatic ecosystem inseparable from indirect effect reduced oxygen, two types dosing regimes designed 1981 partially uncouple effects. First, continuous dose 96 h administered, then second intermittent temporary cessations when reductions occurred. Leafpacks placed ...