Cigarette smoking and subsequent risk of lung cancer in men and women: analysis of a prospective cohort study

摘要: Summary Background Whether women are more susceptible than men to lung cancer caused by cigarette smoking has been controversial. To address this question, we aimed compare incidence rates of stratum use in and the National Institutes Health (NIH)-AARP cohort. Methods Participants NIH-AARP Diet study responded a postal questionnaire between Oct 13, 1995, May 6, 1996, were followed up until Dec 31, 2003. The asked participants about their past current status, demographics, alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, physical activity, included food-frequency 124 items. Incident cancers identified linkage individual state registries. We present age-standardised for multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted potential confounders, with 95% CIs. This conforms STROBE guidelines. Findings 279 214 184 623 from eight states USA aged 50–71 years at baseline analysis. During follow-up, occurred 4097 2237 women. Incidence 20·3 (95% CI 16·3–24·3) per 100 000 person-years who had never smoked (99 cancers) 25·3 (21·3–29·3) (152 cancers); group, HR was 1·3 (1·0–1·8) compared men. Smoking associated increased risk rate smokers two packs day 1259·2 (1035·0–1483·3) 1308·9 (924·2–1693·6) In smokers, model typical dose, 0·9 (0·8–0·9) For former cessation (0·9–1·0) adenocarcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, undifferentiated tumours similar women; squamous twice that Interpretation Our findings suggest not carcinogenic effects lung. tended be higher comparable histories, but differences modest; strongly both Future studies should confirm whether indeed have smoked. Funding Intramural Research Program Health, Cancer Institute, Division Epidemiology Genetics, Bethesda, MD, USA.