Spatial and temporal distribution of mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet since AD 1900

摘要: The response of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) to changes in temperature during twentieth century remains contentious, largely owing difficulties estimating spatial and temporal distribution ice mass before 1992, when Greenland-wide observations first became available. only previous estimates change are based on empirical modelling energy balance modelling. Consequently, no observation-based contribution from GIS global-mean sea level budget 1990 included Fifth Assessment Report Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change. Here we calculate loss around entire 1900 present using aerial imagery 1980s. This allows accurate high-resolution mapping geomorphic features related maximum extent Little Age at end nineteenth century. We estimate total its for three periods: 1900-1983 (75.1 ± 29.4 gigatonnes per year), 1983-2003 (73.8 ± 40.5 2003-2010 (186.4 ± 18.9 year). Furthermore, two surface models partition into a term (that is, precipitation minus sublimation runoff) dynamic term. find that many areas currently undergoing identical those experienced considerable thinning throughout also reveal shows decrease since 2003, whereas is constant over past 110 years. Overall, our findings show contributed least 25.0 ± 9.4 millimetres rise. Our result will help close twentieth-century budget, which crucial evaluating reliability used predict global