Chapter 1. Regulation of HIV-1 alternative RNA splicing and its role in virus replication.

摘要: Over 40 different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNA species, both completely and incompletely spliced, are produced by alternative splicing of the primary viral RNA transcript. In addition, about half remains unspliced is transported to cytoplasm where it used as genomic RNA. general, identities spliced HIV-1 species determined proximity open reading frames 5'-end mRNAs. The relative abundance mRNAs encoding gene products frequency at 3'-splice sites. This chapter will highlight studies showing how uses exon definition control level each its sites through a combination positively acting exonic enhancer (ESE) elements, negatively intronic silencer elements (ESS ISS respectively), 5'-splice regulated exons. Each these represent binding for cellular factors whose levels in infected cell can determine dominance positive or negative on splicing. Both mutations overexpression inhibition that bind have been show disruption inhibits replication. These provided strong rationale investigation development antiviral drugs specifically inhibit