Advantages of base exchanged natural clinoptilolite as a catalyst for the Knoevenagel reaction
作者： Carlos F. Linares , Mireya R. Goldwasser , Francisco J. Machado , Aramis Rivera , Gerardo Rodrı́guez-Fuentes
DOI: 10.1016/S1387-1811(00)00274-2
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摘要: Abstract The potential use of natural zeolites as base catalysts was ascertained by studying the catalytic behavior a purified clinoptilolite (NZ) and its sodium carbonate modified form (NZC) in aldol condensation reaction benzaldehyde with methyl cyanoacetate (Knoevenagel reaction). activities were compared to that cesium X Y faujasite type (CsFAUX CsFAUY). It observed activity NZC zeolite five times higher than NZ. normalized per surface area clinoptilolites shown synthetic FAUs zeolites. is attributed presence single double species, such Na2CO3 Na2Ca(CO3)2, occluded internal cavities zeolite, confirmed XRD IR diffuse reflectance. CO2 NH3 TPD analysis corroborated stronger basic sites good agreement these solids Knoevenagel reaction.
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