Voluntary Agreements for Energy Efficiency or GHG Emissions Reduction in Industry: An Assessment of Programs Around the World
作者： Lynn Price
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摘要: Voluntary agreements for energy efficiency improvement and reduction of energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been a popular policy instrument the industrial sector in industrialized countries since 1990s. A number these national-level voluntary agreement programs are now being modified strengthened, while additional -- including some recently developing adopting type an effort to increase their sectors. can be roughly divided into three broad categories: 1) that completely voluntary, 2) use threat future regulations or energy/GHG taxes as motivation participation, 3) implemented conjunction with existing tax strict regulations. variety government-provided incentives well penalties associated programs. This paper reviews 23 GHG 18 countries, Europe, U.S., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea, Chinese Taipei (Taiwan) discusses preliminary lessons learned regarding program design effectiveness. The notes such programs, which companies inventory manage meet specific targets, essential first step towards trading
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