A mathematical model of the middle and high latitude ionosphere

摘要: A time-dependent three-dimensional model of the middle and high latitude ionosphere is described. The density distributions six ion species (NO+, N 2 + , O+, N+, He+) electron temperatures are obtained from a numerical solution appropriate continuity, momentum energy equations. equations solved as function height for an inclined magnetic field atE andF region altitudes. nature by following flux tubes plasma they convect or corotate through moving neutral atmosphere. takes account field-aligned diffusion, cross-field electrodynamic drifts, thermospheric winds, polar wind escape, energy-dependent chemical reactions, composition changes, production due to solar EUV radiation auroral precipitation, thermal conduction, diffusion-thermal heat flow local heating cooling processes. also offset between geomagnetic geographic poles. complete description ionospheric given, including derivation relevant transport equations, formulas all physical processes contained in model, discussion technique, required inputs. effects that various have on illustrated.