摘要: The rotation of the terrestrial planets solar system varies on short timescale and also evolves a much longer timescale. Starting with conservation equation for spin angular momentum planet, we introduce precession, nutation, polar motion, which are manifestations orientation changes rate variations. Next, techniques studies reviewed. Excitation sources, both internal external to described influence interior structure variations is quantified. For study long-term evolution, physical review planetary dissipation mechanisms affecting given. Finally, results Mars, Venus, Mercury summarized. each mean state quantified brief accounts given their histories. Recent theoretical observational periodic presented an emphasis constraints global properties planets.