摘要: This chapter introduces the theory behind nonlinear mixed effects models through concept of a structural model or covariate coupled to both fixed and random in manner. Modeling estimation parameters face different sources variability (between-subject, inter-occasion, inter-study, residual within-subject) are discussed, as is modeling nature relationship between dependent variable via linear, power, exponential functions. Model building, identifying significant covariates screening modeling, influence analysis, examination goodness fit scrutiny building data set validation internal external techniques discussed.