Postrelease survival, vertical and horizontal movements, and thermal habitats of five species of pelagic sharks in the central Pacific Ocean

摘要: From 2001 to 2006, 71 pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) were deployed on five species of pelagic shark (blue [Prionace glauca]; shortfin mako [Isurus oxyrinchus]; silky [Carcharhinus falciformis]; oceanic whitetip shark [C. longimanus]; and bigeye thresher [Alopias superciliosus]) in the central Pacific Ocean determine species-specific movement patterns survival rates after release from longline fishing gear. Only a single postrelease mortality could be unequivocally documented: a male blue which succumbed seven days release. Meta-analysis published reports current study (n=78 reporting PSATs) indicated that summary effect for sharks was 15% (95% CI, 8.5–25.1%) suggested catch-and-release in fisheries can viable management tool protect parental biomass populations. Pelagic displayed depth temperature ranges, although with significant individual temporal spatial variability vertical patterns, which were also punctuated by stochastic events (e.g., El Nino-Southern Oscillation). separated into three broad groups based daytime preferences using unweighted pair-group method arithmetic averaging clustering Kolmogorov-Smirnov Dmax distance matrix: 1) epipelagic (silky sharks), spent >95% their time at temperatures within 2°C sea surface temperature; 2) mesopelagic-I makos, 95% their time 9.7° to 26.9°C 9.4° 25.0°C, respectively; 3) mesopelagic-II (bigeye threshers), 6.7° 21.2°C. Distinct thermal niche partitioning body size latitude evident species.