Histological and Clinical Appraisal of Distribution and Long Acting New Hyaluronic Acid into the Subcutaneous Fat of the Forehead to Improve Horizontal Lines.

摘要: Background A new hyaluronic acid (HA) was appraised to improve forehead horizontal lines (FHL). Histological analysis correlated the gel distribution with clinical findings and also wrinkle depth, 48 h 12 months after HA application. Methods The filler composed by 24 mg/ml of cross-linked BDDE 2.0 ppm injected into subcutaneous fat, just beneath dermis, through a retrograde backflow injection technique applied in sequence. Biopsies were taken 3.0-mm-diameter skin punch before application, application for histological evaluation. Results Subcutaneous created compact cylindrical filament as pattern distribution, which acted strut raising FHL level surrounding tissues. Diameter average 1.18 mm at month twelve 0.34 mm. residual amount ensured long acting fat. depth 251.83 µm 190.20 indicated that still projected FHL. Conclusion High cohesivity low density fat caused take form filament. small presenting validated HA. Evidence-based showed this might be considered safe alternative improvement Level evidence iv This journal requires authors assign each article. For full description these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer Table Contents or online Instructions Authors www.springer.com/00266 .