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摘要: In the last decade, cognitive instruments and devices such as standardised indicators, periodic monitoring, benchmarking, peer review have become an integral part of self-regulation European social labour market policies. The increasing relevance knowledge regarding governance welfare states in Europe refects a broader shift to what is often described “knowledge society” or economy. A defining characteristic contemporary society its regimes that necessary for decision-making no longer mainly based upon routine procedures, but increasingly generated through active learning processes (e.g., Willke, 2007). This not only entails dependency on research, experts, epistemic communities also growing refexivity knowledge, sense systems actively engaged production aim initiate produce new themselves, rather than just manage stock existing (Nowotny et al., 2001).