Deterministic Model to Estimate the Energy Requirements of Pressurized Water Transport Systems

作者: Enrique Cabrera , Elena Gómez , Elvira Estruch-Juan , Roberto del Teso

DOI: 10.3390/W13030345

关键词:

摘要: Energy intensity, Ie (kWh/m3) is the most popular indicator when characterizing energy requirements of water cycle, due to its direct and easy interpretation. In pressurized transport systems, referred an appropriate physical framework (such as a single pipeline), it assesses efficiency process. However, in complex urban networks, only provides basic notion needs system. The aim this paper define standard for assessing intensity distribution systems. To that purpose, analytic expression estimates proposed, based on system data operating conditions. results allow realistic approximation transport. This assessment completed with two context indicators: origin (C1) topographic (θt), both essential different systems be compared.

参考文章(34)
T. Pelli, H.U. Hitz, Energy indicators and savings in water supply Journal - American Water Works Association. ,vol. 92, pp. 55- 62 ,(2000) , 10.1002/J.1551-8833.2000.TB08959.X
A.K. Plappally, J.H. Lienhard V, Energy requirements for water production, treatment, end use, reclamation, and disposal Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. ,vol. 16, pp. 4818- 4848 ,(2012) , 10.1016/J.RSER.2012.05.022
Mateus Ricardo Nogueira Vilanova, José Antônio Perrella Balestieri, Energy and hydraulic efficiency in conventional water supply systems Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. ,vol. 30, pp. 701- 714 ,(2014) , 10.1016/J.RSER.2013.11.024
E. Cabrera, E. Gómez, E. Cabrera, J. Soriano, V. Espert, Energy Assessment of Pressurized Water Systems Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. ,vol. 141, pp. 04014095- ,(2015) , 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000494
O. Giustolisi, L. Berardi, D. Laucelli, D. Savic, T. Walski, B. Brunone, Battle of Background Leakage Assessment for Water Networks (BBLAWN) at WDSA Conference 2014 Procedia Engineering. ,vol. 89, pp. 4- 12 ,(2014) , 10.1016/J.PROENG.2014.11.153
Laurent Hardy, Alberto Garrido, Luis Juana, Evaluation of Spain's Water-Energy Nexus International Journal of Water Resources Development. ,vol. 28, pp. 151- 170 ,(2012) , 10.1080/07900627.2012.642240
Enrique Cabrera, Miguel A. Pardo, Ricardo Cobacho, Enrique Cabrera, Energy audit of water networks. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. ,vol. 136, pp. 669- 677 ,(2010) , 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000077
David Sanjuan-Delmás, Anna Petit-Boix, Carles M. Gasol, Ramon Farreny, Gara Villalba, María Eugenia Suárez-Ojeda, Xavier Gabarrell, Alejandro Josa, Joan Rieradevall, Environmental assessment of drinking water transport and distribution network use phase for small to medium-sized municipalities in Spain Journal of Cleaner Production. ,vol. 87, pp. 573- 582 ,(2015) , 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2014.09.042
A. Bolognesi, C. Bragalli, C. Lenzi, S. Artina, Energy Efficiency Optimization in Water Distribution Systems Procedia Engineering. ,vol. 70, pp. 181- 190 ,(2014) , 10.1016/J.PROENG.2014.02.021
Afreen Siddiqi, Sarah Fletcher, Energy Intensity of Water End-Uses Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports. ,vol. 2, pp. 25- 31 ,(2015) , 10.1007/S40518-014-0024-3