Remote sensing of the magnetospheric plasma by means of whistler mode signals

摘要: Early in the past decade of U.S. Antarctic research, whistler method measuring equatorial electron density was found to agree with situ satellite measurements by a radio technique. Furthermore, east-west component convection electric field outer plasmasphere agree, under conditions mapping dipole magnetic field, simultaneous results from incoherent scatter radar. A global model during substorms developed. The detection whistlers and their use for magnetospheric diagnostics have been important elements recent studies burst precipitation into ionosphere induced other transient mode waves propagating magnetosphere. Whistlers also used obtain data on L values densities associated propagation paths signals Siple VLF transmitter. process untrapping downcoming wave energy ducts upper upward repropagation portions following reflection lower lead excitation adjacent as well nonducted mode. Efficient interduct coupling has occur over north-south ionospheric distances >1000 km. Studies limits observed ducting revealed dayside path radii range 6–8 RE nightside ∼5.5 RE. Ducted beyond plasmapause regularly 0000–1800 MLT time range, but variable rates at various locations respect position. special features this are believed be related lightning excitation, penetration, wave-particle interactions that region plasmasphere. New aspects injection experiments were demonstrated application new phase measurement did not exhibit fast temporal growth passage through This method, refinement techniques developed previously Zealand workers, is capable detecting fluctuations period ∼10 s greater thus can study fluxes along lines pulsations ultralow-frequency perturbations geomagnetic field. Additional topics discussed include direction-finding evidence dependence upon amplification.