Misconceptions in rational numbers, probability, algebra, and geometry.

摘要: In this study, the author examined relationship of probability misconceptions to algebra, geometry, and rational number investigated potential instruction as an intervention address in all 4 content areas. Through a review literature, 5 fundamental concepts were identified that, if misunderstood, create persistent difficulties across areas: meaning, additive/multiplicative structures, absolute/relative comparison, variable spatial reasoning misconceptions. Probability naturally provides concrete, authentic experiences that engage students with abstract mathematical concepts, establish relationships between topics, connect inter-related problem solving strategies. The consisted five lessons about counting principles, randomness, independent dependent event probability, distributions. unit lasted approximately two weeks. This study used mixed methodology analyze data from randomly assigned sample untreated control group design switching replication. Document analysis was examine patterns student responses items on mathematics knowledge test. Multiple imputation account for missing data.