Recent progress and challenges in population genetics of polyploid organisms: an overview of current state-of-the-art molecular and statistical tools.

摘要: Despite the importance of polyploidy and increasing availability new genomic data, there remain important gaps in our knowledge polyploid population genetics. These arise from complex nature data (e.g. multiple alleles loci, mixed inheritance patterns, association between ploidy mating system variation). Furthermore, many standard tools for genetics that have been developed diploids are often not feasible polyploids. This review aims to provide an overview state-of-the-art identify main areas where further development molecular techniques statistical theory is required. We commonly used (amplified fragment length polymorphism, microsatellites, Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing derived technologies) their challenges associated with use populations: is, allele dosage determination, null alleles, difficulty distinguishing orthologues paralogues copy number variation. In addition, we approaches genetic analysis polyploids specific problems. problems most cases directly uncertainty problem inferring frequencies assumptions regarding inheritance. leads us conclude advancing field genetics, priority should be given allow efficient analytical circumvent accommodate ‘flexible’ modes a need more simulation-based studies test what kinds biases could result both existing novel approaches.