Effects of season and host physiological state on the diversity, density, and activity of the arctic ground squirrel cecal microbiota.

摘要: We examined the seasonal changes of cecal microbiota captive arctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus parryii) by measuring microbial diversity and composition, total bacterial density viability, short-chain fatty acid concentrations at four sample periods (summer, torpor, interbout arousal, posthibernation). Abundance Firmicutes was lower, whereas abundances Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria were higher during torpor arousal than in summer. Bacterial densities percentages live bacteria significantly summer arousal. Likewise, greater Concentrations individual acids varied across periods, with butyrate acetate lower all other periods. Characteristics gut community posthibernation more similar to those However, genera Bacteroides Akkermansia occurred torpor. Collectively, our results clearly demonstrate that physiology associated hibernation activity affect squirrel. Importantly, similarities between thirteen-lined suggest potential for a core hibernation.