Environmental influences on the interannual variation and spatial distribution of Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) population dynamics from 1991 to 2007: A three-dimensional modeling study

摘要: Abstract A hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model was coupled to an individual-based fish (IBM) study the influence of physical and biological processes on Peruvian anchovy recruitment. Temperature concentrations four plankton groups from a 1991 2007 simulation Pacific basin-scaled Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS) with Carbon Silicate Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) were used as inputs IBM. The IBM domain covered upwelling area (0–20°S 70–85°W) 0 100 m depth, 166 by 120 cells 10 vertical. cohort eggs started each month 2007, individuals within followed through daily development, growth, mortality, movement for one year. Growth represented bioenergetic equation that temperature ROMS–CoSiNE input. Mortality rate stage-dependent length-dependent. Movement larvae based passive transport, juveniles adults combination transport behavioral movement. Average number days required reach 5 cm surviving measures Averaged spatial showed strong interannual variation, temporal patterns typical system. Modeled growth survival also variation resulted in large fluctuations normal year requiring about 60–80 recruits around . length survivors after 6 months all monthly cohorts combined good conditions high occurred region 5°S 17°S, 200 km offshore upper 100 m. Vertically, centers population distribution at depths 10 m between 50 70 m. During 1997–1998 El Nino, decreased so it took 150–270 5 cm, numbers five orders magnitude lower. results during Nino located closer shore, farther south, deeper than years. insensitive define recruitment, how different life stages, starting locations egg domain. We discuss our can be infer recruitment under future climate change.