Improved laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis--the Indian experience.

摘要: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death worldwide attributable to a single infectious disease agent. India has more new TB cases annually than any other country. In 2008, accounted for fifth estimated 9.4 million globally. There an overwhelming need improving diagnostics in through use cost effective, patient-friendly methods appropriate different tiers country health system. Substantial progress been made field diagnosis and serious efforts have herald development diagnostic tests pulmonary TB, extra MDR-TB. Diverse approaches attempted towards smear microscopy, rapid culture differentiation between Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Several laboratories developed in-house PCR assays diagnosing with high accuracy. Approaches distinguishing M. and/or bovis infection disseminated avium HIV-AIDS patients also described. Serological detect antigens or antibodies M. tuberculosis specific components by using cocktails Excretory/Secretory protein antigens, Ag85 Hsp 65 antigen, RD1 Rapid Reverse Line Blot Hybridization MDR-TB (mutations rifampicin, isoniazid streptomycin) developed. Other like measurement adenosine deaminase activity luciferase reporter phages explored diagnosis. These advances Indian context are detailed present chapter. The validation application these laboratory public settings likely result improved contribute effective management India.