摘要: During 2010 and 2011, IBM conducted research globally on the challenges facing over 3000 chief executives marketing officers. The main finding of these studies was that leaders believed themselves to be in a world substantially more volatile, uncertain, complex than anything they had seen before (IBM, 2010, 2011). This somewhat expected; what surprising revealed were not at all prepared cope with this rapidly changing environment. study concluded make any progress whatsoever, new kind creative leadership needed develop breakthrough thinking encouraged experimentation innovation.