Active ingredients in sunscreens act as topical penetration enhancers for the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

摘要: Agricultural workers are encouraged to use sunscreen decrease the risk of UV-related skin cancer. Our previous studies have shown certain commercial sunscreens be penetration enhancers. The focus this project is determine whether active ingredients in formulations (i.e., UV absorbing components and insect repellants for sunscreen/bug repellant combinations) also act as dermal enhancers herbicides vitro. total percentages 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) penetrating through hairless mouse 24 h ranged from 54.9 +/- 4.7 no control 86.9 2.5 padimate-o. Of tested (7.5% octyl methoxycinnamate, 7% octocrylene, 0.6% oxybenzone, 5% homosalate, salicylate, 8% padimate-o, 10% sulisobenzone, 9.5% 19% N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide [DEET]), all but octocrylene led a significant increase 2,4-D compared (P < 0.05), only oxybenzone did not significantly corresponding lag time. Octyl salicylate 0.01) methoxycinnimate 0.05) increased 3H2O across skin, indicating physical damage stratum corneum. Additional demonstrated that enhancement seen occurred with human skin. Thus, enhance moderately lipophilic herbicide 2,4-D.