Prediction of turbulent, axisymmetric, dense jets discharged to quiescent ambients

摘要: The analysis of dense jets is interest with regard to environmental applications, especially in the design and evaluation submerged, offshore outfalls from desalination plants. In this paper, governing conservation equations mass, momentum, energy salinity, derived a curvilinear coordinate system, are solved by an explicit finite-difference method. influence temperature salinity on density jet ambient fluid incorporated using equation state. Turbulent shear stress, heat flux mass terms appearing evaluated simple algebraic expressions for eddy diffusivities that account effects mixing buoyancy intermittent turbulence near edge jet. formulation parabolic character, allowing solution be marched streamwise direction starting initial distributions velocity, temperature, discharge orientation. Cases investigated discharging vertically, horizontally at various angles horizontal into quiescent, uniform or stratified ambient. Predictions compared available experimental data wide range Froude numbers.