The influence of human activity in the Arctic on climate and climate impacts

摘要: Human activities in the Arctic are often mentioned as recipients of climate-change impacts. In this paper we consider more complicated but likely possibility that human themselves can interact with climate or environmental change ways either mitigate exacerbate Although generally assumed to be modest, our analysis suggests those may have larger influences on arctic system than previously thought. Moreover, could increase substantially near future. First, illustrate how past combined climatic variations alter biophysical systems upon which fisheries and livestock depend. Second, describe current future precipitate affect timing major transitions system. Past analyses both point influence trajectory change.