Alternative extraguild prey modifies focal extraguild prey consumption and parasitism but not intraguild predation intensity

摘要: Abstract Intraguild predation (IGP) refers to the of species that use similar resources and are, therefore, potential competitors. The consuming predator is known as intraguild (IG-predator) or parasitoid being consumed prey (IG-prey). Prey belonging another guild are extraguild (EG-prey). Within a single prey-predator framework, presence an alternative can reduce rate focal prey. However, such effect has not been studied in IGP framework. In addition, most studies conducted analyze intensity (i.e., level consumption IG-prey) have focused on influence EG-prey but EG-prey. Therefore, we aimed assess how could affect parasitism rates EG-prey, well intensity. On basis intrinsic characteristics IG-predator current literature, hypothesized would Our results showed that, expected, reduces when both IG-prey released concomitantly, sequentially. contrary our expectations, did IGP, indicating besides IG-predators, other factors may be important mediators Potential implications these findings discussed under biological control perspective.