Characterization, source apportionment and health risk assessment of trace metals in freshwater Rawal Lake, Pakistan
作者： Javed Iqbal , Munir H. Shah , Gulraiz Akhter
DOI: 10.1016/J.GEXPLO.2012.11.009
关键词:
摘要: Abstract Water quality of freshwater reservoirs in Pakistan is being degraded because excessive anthropogenic activities. There a dire need for appropriate water monitoring and evaluation related health risks to humans. The distribution trace metals (Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Pb, Sr Zn) was evaluated the surface Rawal Lake, by atomic absorption spectrometry along with physicochemical parameters during summer winter. Multivariate methods were used identification apportionment pollution sources lake. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment computed assess adverse effects on population. During summer, average metal levels samples exhibited decreasing concentration order: Na > Ca > Mg > K > Sr > Pb > Fe > Zn > Co > Cu > Cr > Cd = Li > Mn, while winter, order was: Ca > Na > Mg > K > Sr > Pb > Co > Cr > Fe > Cd > Zn > Cu > Mn > Li. Among metals, measured Cd Pb that Co Cr winter found be higher than guideline values. PCA CA revealed significant contributions lake water. hazard quotients (via ingestion) as well whereas, safe limits, posing threat consumers. However, no dermal contact associated levels.
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