The European Grassland Butterfly Indicator: 1990–2011

摘要: This report presents the European Grassland Butterfly Indicator, based on national Monitoring Schemes (BMS) in 19 countries across Europe, most of them Union. The indicator shows that since 1990 till 2011 butterfly populations have declined by almost 50 %, indicating a dramatic loss grassland biodiversity. also means situation has not improved first version published 2005. Of 17 species, 8 2 remained stable and 1 increased. For six species trend is uncertain. main driver behind decline butterflies change rural land use: agricultural intensification where relatively flat easy to cultivate, abandonment mountains wet areas, mainly eastern southern Europe. Agricultural leads uniform, sterile grasslands for thus survive traditionally farmed low‑input systems (High Nature Value (HNV) Farmland) as well nature reserves, marginal such road verges amenity areas. (Less)