Emerging Technologies to Study Long Non-coding RNAs

摘要: It has been less than half a century since Robert W. Holley et al. used 140 kg of commercial baker’s yeast to characterize the first noncoding RNA (ncRNA), alanine tRNA. Now, 48 years later, advancements in genomic technologies have enabled scientists study genomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes, on an unprecedented high-throughput scale, even at single cell resolution. These discoveries completely changed classical view central dogma molecular biology, as we now understand that protein coding genes account for 2 % human genome, however, vast majority genome is transcribed (Clark 2011) {Lander, 2001 #41}. This means bulk encodes ncRNA molecules, which can be further categorized into housekeeping regulatory ncRNAs. The latter broadly classified based their size small ncRNAs ( 200 bp) (Nagano Fraser 2011; Ponting 2009). Many identified mechanism action heavily studied. However, journey lncRNAs just begun (Gupta 2010; Wilusz 2009; Derrien 2012).