Implications of metal accumulation mechanisms to phytoremediation

摘要: Background, aim, and scope Trace elements (heavy metals metalloids) are important environmental pollutants, many of them toxic even at very low concentrations. Pollution the biosphere with trace has accelerated dramatically since Industrial Revolution. Primary sources burning fossil fuels, mining smelting metalliferous ores, municipal wastes, agrochemicals, sewage. In addition, natural mineral deposits containing particularly large quantities heavy found in regions. These areas often support characteristic plant species thriving metal-enriched environments. Whereas avoid uptake from these soils, some can accumulate significantly high concentrations metals, to levels which by far exceed soil levels. The phenomenon metal tolerance enhanced interest ecologists, physiologists, biologists investigate physiology genetics specialized hyperaccumulator plants such as Arabidopsis halleri Thlaspi caerulescens. this review, we describe recent advances understanding genetic molecular basis special reference transcriptomics accumulator identification functional genes implied detoxification.