Intricate straining of manganese-doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3–(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 lead-free ferroelectric ceramics

摘要: The strain hystereses of lead-free a(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–bBaTiO3–c(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 (abbreviated as BNBK 100a/100b/100c) ferroelectric compositions inside and outside the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) were investigated previously by authors, it was found that 85.4/2.6/12, a composition well within MPB, possesses notable actuating properties such an induced electrostrain about 0.14%. In this study, 85.4/2.6/12 is doped with various amounts manganese (Mn) to improve its sinterability characteristics. Intricate hysteresis behaviours are observed upon Mn doping—an above 0.1% can be maintained when doping amount between 0.5 1.5 mol%. Once range, considerably smaller. By examining evolution crystalline doping, mole content rhombohedral shown for first time critical factor in deciding straining Mn-doped ceramics. To each increasing step level, there marked similarity evolutions content. more equivalent crystallographic directions non-180° polarization switching, accordingly, relatively higher contents exhibit larger electrostrains.