Remote Sensing of Narrowing Barrier Islands along the Coast of Pakistan over Past 30 Years

摘要: Barrier islands (BIs) are the first line of defense against sea/wave actions in coastal areas, and assessing their stability is crucial context effective planning. Therefore, this study evaluates spatial–temporal shoreline changes BIs Pakistan over past three decades (1989–2018). Satellite data from Landsat missions used to delineate shorelines 19 Pakistan. After delineating satellite observations, two well-known statistical methods (i.e., end point rate (EPR) linear regression (LRR)) capture localized BIs. The results ascertain that nearly all have experienced noteworthy erosion during decades. While mean period estimated be >6 m/y, significant spatial heterogeneities among individual exist. interdecadal comparison indicates highest occurred 1989–1999 (13.03 ± 0.62 m/y), which gradually reduced preceding 7.76 m/y 1999–2009 3.8 0.7 2009–2018). Nevertheless, ~65% total high (>2 ~15% moderate (<2 ~20% low (<1 m/y) 1989-2018. This situation implies while these need immediate interventions concerned authorities, 15% with might experience wake rising sea levels decreasing sediment influx near future without proper measures. depletion not only affect but also regional consequences due various services.