Vagus nerve stimulation activates two distinct neuroimmune circuits converging in the spleen to protect mice from kidney injury.

摘要: Acute kidney injury is highly prevalent and associated with high morbidity mortality, there are no approved drugs for its prevention treatment. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) alleviates inflammatory diseases including disease; however, neural circuits involved in VNS-induced tissue protection remain poorly understood. The vagus nerve, a heterogeneous group of fibers, innervates numerous organs. VNS broadly stimulates these fibers without specificity. We used optogenetics to selectively stimulate efferent or afferent fibers. Anterograde fiber anterograde (centripetal) sensory both conferred from ischemia-reperfusion injury. identified the C1 neurons-sympathetic nervous system-splenic nerve-spleen-kidney axis as downstream pathway stimulation. Our study provides map important induced by VNS, which critical safe effective clinical application acute