Drug-Induced Rhinitis

摘要: One type of non-allergic, non-infectious rhinitis (NIR), representing the heterogeneous group is drug-induced (DIR), which can be arranged into four and more subtypes related to pharmaceutical treatment (local inflammatory type, neurogenic idiopathic medicamentosa, a distinct phenotype caused by excessive use intranasal decongestant sprays). DIR management implicates pharmacological non-pharmacological components only after proposal terminate withdraw causative medication; these include factors inducing disease patients’ education. A patient’s individual sub-phenotype should considered for classification. Nowadays, glucocorticosteroids are most reliable means available treatment. Intranasal antihistamines antagonizing H1 receptors used treating nasal congestion, but their effect much weaker than that corticosteroids. In particular occasions, oral decongestants applied, corticosteroids last-resort symptoms resistant all other therapeutic intervention, limited short term. Notwithstanding there no obvious data proving benefit, irrigation with isotonic or hypertonic saline auxiliary usually applied in almost phenotypes. Rarely treatments cromolyn, sedatives/hypnotics, diode laser inferior turbinate reduction, surgical referral submucosal resection bones, may indicated cases extensive medical failure. this review article, we present literature on prevalence, mechanisms, mediators, options, safety, efficacy issues drugs QoL patients DIR.