New Insights of Historical Mortars Beyond Pompei: The Example of Villa del Pezzolo, Sorrento Peninsula

摘要: The topic of this study is the archaeometric characterization mortars from Villa del Pezzolo, a Roman located in Seiano (Napoli-Campania, Italy), dated between 1st century B.C. and 3rd A.D. Mortars were analyzed by means multi-analytical approach (polarized optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersed spectrometry, thermal analyses mercury intrusion porosimetry) according to existing recommendations. Analytical results evidenced use local geomaterials composed sedimentary volcanic aggregates mix design confirmed three distinct building phases identified archaeologists. Volcanic tuff fragments, phase can be ascribed Campanian Ignimbrite formation, widely cropping out Sorrento Peninsula, as presence glassy shards, partially devitrified replaced authigenic feldspar, typical feature welded grey ignimbrite lithofacies (WGI). samples 2nd show, instead, leucite-bearing scoriae garnet crystal fragments related Somma-Vesuvius products. Study these allowed us to: (1) understand production technologies; (2) highlight materials with hydraulic behavior, such fictile fragments; (3) confirm compositional features (4) change over time aggregate for mix-design.