Trophic dynamics in ecosystem networks: Significance of cycles and storage

摘要: Abstract Traditional Lindeman-Hutchinson trophic dynamics, which considers simple or acyclic (α) food chains and webs without energy storage in compartments, is extended to the realm of compound cyclic (ω) ecosystem networks with storage. Paths feeding are classified into first passage (π) (multiple) (ϵ) types. A methodology presented that accurately quantifies both types flows, storage, from one compartment another. It shown how increased cycling tend increase ratio indirect direct contribute properties network amplification homogenization availability over all levels. These realistic not present classical chain paradigm. Consequences include an age distribution within actual organisms, apyramidal structure standing stocks, organisms at any distance have about equal access available reurces.