Common Nonferrous Metals

摘要: Aluminum (aluminium in the UK) [7429-90-51 with chemical symbol Al, atomic number 13, and relative mass 26.981538(5) is second element of group IIIA(13) Mendeleev’s periodic chart. Pure aluminum a light (2698 kg.m−3), silvery white metal low melting point (660.3°C) boiling approximately 2519°C. From mechanical view, pure ductile, malleable, exhibits good formability, but strength can be largely improved by either (i) cold working, or (ii) adding alloying elements such as manganese, silicon, copper, magnesium, zinc. At temperatures, stronger than at room temperature no less ductile. Actually, increases under very making it especially useful for cryogenic applications extreme outer space, well aircraft construction high latitudes. Hence, an attractive structural material requiring strength-to-weight ratios aerospace, high-rise construction, automotive design. Due to thermal conductivity (237 W.m.−1.K−1) aluminum, this its alloys provide better heat transfer capabilities other common metals. This makes ideal exchangers, because extrusion, metal-forming process, well-suited produce shapes that make optimal use conduction properties. In addition, nonsparking, hence appropriate involving explosive materials taking place highly flammable environments. On hand, electrical resistivity (2.6548 μΩ.cm), i.e. 60% IACS, paramagnetic. Hence does not acquire magnetic charge, high-voltage applications, electronics, where field interference occurs. The reflective index polished used shield products areas from light, radio waves, infrared radiation. mononuclidic nuclide 27A1. due excellent valve action property, when put contact oxidizing environments, develops spontaneously onto exposed surface area thin passivating film impervious oxide (alumina). Moreover, thickness further enhanced artificially anodizing finishing techniques. Therefore, contrast iron steels corrosion resistant normal atmospheric conditions (i.e., air, water), rust. However, readily attacked both diluted strong mineral acids alkaline solutions evolving hydrogen, reacts vigorously chlorinated organic solvents. Cost (1998) — (99.99wt%) priced 1.44 $US.kg−1 (0.655 $US.1b−1).