Risk factors contributing to microbiological contamination of shallow groundwater in Kampala, Uganda

摘要: A study of water quality variation in shallow protected springs Kampala was undertaken over a 12-month period to assess the causes microbiological contamination. The assessed using thermotolerant coliforms and faecal streptococci. Sanitary inspections hazard assessments were identify sources (hazards), contaminant pathways contributory factors. Data collected on rainfall population as additional factors potentially exerting an influence quality. Initial analysis data showed significant relationship between median level contamination rainfall, particular short-term events. Total sanitary risk score with contamination, but density may be confounding factor. raw transformed into five targets: <1 < or =10 cfu 100ml(-1) for streptococci; <1, or=50 100 ml(-1) coliforms. presence individual well variables analysed respect failure meet these targets contingency tables. Logistic regression models developed each targets. strongly suggested that there is rapid recharge after this leads On-site sanitation less important than other matter, which consistent low coverage area. improving completion local environmental hygiene more controlling on-site springs.