Genetic structure and heterozygosity–fitness correlation in young-of-the-year sole (Solea solea L.) inhabiting three contaminated West-European estuaries

摘要: Abstract Anthropogenic pressures in estuaries may impair not only the fitness of organisms and evolutionary processes necessary to survival, but also management exploited marine resources. In order assess these impacts, phenotypic genotypic data pertaining young-of-the-year (YOY) sole ( Solea solea ) were screened differentially contaminated North East Atlantic ranging from Portugal (Mondego) English Channel (Seine). YOY inhabiting each estuary was found being phenotypically distinct other; them impacted by pollution when comparing observed with published literature. According strong Seine estuary, corresponding sample showed significantly lower body mass, size condition factor compared other samples. Using fifteen genetic markers, Mondego demonstrated low, significant levels differentiation most neutrality tests, two loci be putatively under directional selection Soso7 Soso23 ), locus positive heterozygosity–fitness correlation (HFC) for suggesting a possible ongoing adaptive process. The candidate MT associated detoxifying metallothionein gene did show differentiation, i deficit heterozygote as already reported coastal samples metallic contaminants, ii HFC mass found. Selective rather than demographic better explain an structure are predominantly heavily whose nursery function capacity degraded.