Urdu Optical Character Recognition Systems: Present Contributions and Future Directions

摘要: This paper gives an across-the-board comprehensive review and survey of the most prominent studies in field Urdu optical character recognition (OCR). introduces OCR technology presents a historical systems, providing comparisons between English, Arabic, systems. Detailed background literature have also been provided for script, discussing script’s past, categories, phases. further reports all state-of-the-art different phases, namely, image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, classification/recognition, post-processing system. In segmentation section, analytical holistic approaches text emphasized. extraction comparison has learning engineering approaches. Deep traditional machine discussed. The numeral systems deliberated concisely. research concludes by identifying some open problems suggesting future directions.